Руководство Java Hibernate для начинающих

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
               http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.o7planning</groupId>
    <artifactId>HibernateTutorial</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>HibernateTutorial</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>


    <repositories>
        <!-- Repository for ORACLE JDBC Driver -->
        <repository>
            <id>codelds</id>
            <url>https://code.lds.org/nexus/content/groups/main-repo</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
   
   
    <dependencies>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate Core -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.Final</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- MySQL JDBC driver -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.34</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Oracle JDBC driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
            <artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId>
            <version>11.2.0.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- SQLServer JDBC driver (JTDS) -->
        <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.sourceforge.jtds/jtds -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.jtds</groupId>
            <artifactId>jtds</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
   
</project>

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.UniqueConstraint;

@Entity
@Table(name = "DEPARTMENT",
  uniqueConstraints = { @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = { "DEPT_NO" }) })
public class Department {

private Integer deptId;
private String deptNo;

private String deptName;
private String location;
private Set<Employee> employees = new HashSet<Employee>(0);

public Department() {
}

public Department(Integer deptId, String deptName, String location) {
   this.deptId = deptId;
   this.deptNo = "D" + this.deptId;
   this.deptName = deptName;
   this.location = location;
}

@Id
@Column(name = "DEPT_ID")
public Integer getDeptId() {
   return deptId;
}

public void setDeptId(Integer deptId) {
   this.deptId = deptId;
}

@Column(name = "DEPT_NO", length = 20, nullable = false)
public String getDeptNo() {
   return deptNo;
}

public void setDeptNo(String deptNo) {
   this.deptNo = deptNo;
}

@Column(name = "DEPT_NAME", nullable = false)
public String getDeptName() {
   return deptName;
}

public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
   this.deptName = deptName;
}

@Column(name = "LOCATION")
public String getLocation() {
   return location;
}

public void setLocation(String location) {
   this.location = location;
}

@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "department")
public Set<Employee> getEmployees() {
   return employees;
}

public void setEmployees(Set<Employee> employees) {
   this.employees = employees;
}
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.Lob;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
import javax.persistence.UniqueConstraint;

@Entity
@Table(name = "EMPLOYEE",
   uniqueConstraints = { @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = { "EMP_NO" }) })
public class Employee {
private Long empId;
private String empNo;

private String empName;
private String job;
private Employee manager;
private Date hideDate;
private Float salary;
private byte[] image;

private Department department;
private Set<Employee> employees = new HashSet<Employee>(0);

public Employee() {
}

public Employee(Long empId, String empName, String job, Employee manager,
        Date hideDate, Float salary, Float comm, Department department) {
    this.empId = empId;
    this.empNo = "E" + this.empId;
    this.empName = empName;
    this.job = job;
    this.manager = manager;
    this.hideDate = hideDate;
    this.salary = salary;
    this.department = department;
}

@Id
@Column(name = "EMP_ID")
public Long getEmpId() {
    return empId;
}

public void setEmpId(Long empId) {
    this.empId = empId;
}

@Column(name = "EMP_NO", length = 20, nullable = false)
public String getEmpNo() {
    return empNo;
}

public void setEmpNo(String empNo) {
    this.empNo = empNo;
}

@Column(name = "EMP_NAME", length = 50, nullable = false)
public String getEmpName() {
    return empName;
}

public void setEmpName(String empName) {
    this.empName = empName;
}

@Column(name = "JOB", length = 30, nullable = false)
public String getJob() {
    return job;
}

public void setJob(String job) {
    this.job = job;
}

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "MNG_ID")
public Employee getManager() {
    return manager;
}

public void setManager(Employee manager) {
    this.manager = manager;
}

@Column(name = "HIRE_DATE", nullable = false)
@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
public Date getHideDate() {
    return hideDate;
}

public void setHideDate(Date hideDate) {
    this.hideDate = hideDate;
}

@Column(name = "SALARY", nullable = false)
public Float getSalary() {
    return salary;
}

public void setSalary(Float salary) {
    this.salary = salary;
}

@Column(name = "IMAGE", length = 1111111, nullable = true)
@Lob
public byte[] getImage() {
    return image;
}

public void setImage(byte[] image) {
    this.image = image;
}

@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumn(name = "DEPT_ID", nullable = false)
public Department getDepartment() {
    return department;
}

public void setDepartment(Department department) {
    this.department = department;
}

@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "empId")
public Set<Employee> getEmployees() {
    return employees;
}

public void setEmployees(Set<Employee> employees) {
    this.employees = employees;
}

}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "SALARY_GRADE")
public class SalaryGrade {
 private Integer grade;
 private Float lowSalary;
 private Float highSalary;

 public SalaryGrade() {
 }

 public SalaryGrade(Integer grade, Float lowSalary, Float highSalary) {
     this.grade = grade;
     this.lowSalary = lowSalary;
     this.highSalary = highSalary;
 }

 @Id
 @Column(name = "GRADE")
 public Integer getGrade() {
     return grade;
 }

 public void setGrade(Integer grade) {
     this.grade = grade;
 }

 @Column(name = "LOW_SALARY", nullable = false)
 public Float getLowSalary() {
     return lowSalary;
 }

 public void setLowSalary(Float lowSalary) {
     this.lowSalary = lowSalary;
 }

 @Column(name = "HIGH_SALARY", nullable = false)
 public Float getHighSalary() {
     return highSalary;
 }

 public void setHighSalary(Float highSalary) {
     this.highSalary = highSalary;
 }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

@Entity
@Table(name = "TIMEKEEPER")
public class Timekeeper {
  public static final char IN = 'I';
  public static final char OUT = 'O';

  private String timekeeperId;

  private Date dateTime;

  private Employee employee;

  // 'I' or 'O'
  private char inOut;

  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
  @GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid2")
  @Column(name = "Timekeeper_Id", length = 36)
  public String getTimekeeperId() {
      return timekeeperId;
  }

  public void setTimekeeperId(String timekeeperId) {
      this.timekeeperId = timekeeperId;
  }

  @Column(name = "Date_Time", nullable = false)
  @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
  public Date getDateTime() {
      return dateTime;
  }

  public void setDateTime(Date dateTime) {
      this.dateTime = dateTime;
  }

  @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
  @JoinColumn(name = "EMP_ID", nullable = false)
  public Employee getEmployee() {
      return employee;
  }

  public void setEmployee(Employee employee) {
      this.employee = employee;
  }

  @Column(name = "In_Out", nullable = false, length = 1)
  public char getInOut() {
      return inOut;
  }

  public void setInOut(char inOut) {
      this.inOut = inOut;
  }

}

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
                          "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
 <session-factory>

     <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:db11g</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.username">simplehr</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.password">12345</property>
     <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.release_mode">auto</property>
     <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
     <property name="hibernate.connection.autoReconnect">true</property>


     <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department" />
     <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee" />
     <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.SalaryGrade" />
     <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Timekeeper" />

 </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

  <session-factory>
      <!-- Database connection settings -->
      <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
      <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://tran-vmware:3306/simplehr?serverTimezone=UTC</property>
      <property name="connection.username">root</property>
      <property name="connection.password">1234</property>

      <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
      <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>

      <!-- SQL dialect -->
      <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

      <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
      <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

      <!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
      <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property>

      <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
      <property name="show_sql">true</property>

      <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department" />
      <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee" />
      <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.SalaryGrade" />
      <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Timekeeper" />

  </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
      "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
      "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433/simplehr;instance=SQLEXPRESS</property>
        <property name="connection.username">sa</property>
        <property name="connection.password">1234</property>

        <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
        <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>

        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</property>

        <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
        <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property>

        <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department" />
        <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee" />
        <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.SalaryGrade" />
        <mapping class="org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Timekeeper" />

    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.Metadata;
import org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;

public class HibernateUtils {

    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory();

    // Hibernate 5:
    private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
        try {
            // Create the ServiceRegistry from hibernate.cfg.xml
            ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()//
                    .configure("hibernate.cfg.xml").build();

            // Create a metadata sources using the specified service registry.
            Metadata metadata = new MetadataSources(serviceRegistry).getMetadataBuilder().build();

            return metadata.getSessionFactoryBuilder().build();
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
        
            System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }

    public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
        return sessionFactory;
    }

    public static void shutdown() {
        // Close caches and connection pools
        getSessionFactory().close();
    }

}

-- SQL
-- This is a SQL query in table DEPARTMENT.
Select d.DEPT_NO, d.DEPT_NAME from DEPARTMENT d;

-- HQL
-- This is a HQL query in Entity Department.
Select d.deptNo, d.deptName from Department d;

-- Query Object
Select d from Department d;

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.query;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class QueryObjectDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();

       try {
           
           // All the action with DB via Hibernate
           // must be located in one transaction.
           // Start Transaction.            
           session.getTransaction().begin();

   
           
           // Create an HQL statement, query the object.
           // Equivalent to the SQL statement:
           // Select e.* from EMPLOYEE e order by e.EMP_NAME, e.EMP_NO
           String sql = "Select e from " + Employee.class.getName() + " e "
                   + " order by e.empName, e.empNo ";

  
           // Create Query object.
           Query<Employee> query = session.createQuery(sql);

   
           // Execute query.
           List<Employee> employees = query.getResultList();

           for (Employee emp : employees) {
               System.out.println("Emp: " + emp.getEmpNo() + " : "
                       + emp.getEmpName());
           }
 
           // Commit data.
           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           // Rollback in case of an error occurred.
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
   
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.query;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class QueryObjectDemo2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

        Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();

        try {

            // All the action with DB via Hibernate
            // must be located in one transaction
            // Start Transaction.                
            session.getTransaction().begin();
            
            // Create an HQL statement, query the object.
            // HQL with parameters.            
            // Equivalent to the SQL statement:
            // Select e.* from EMPLOYEE e cross join DEPARTMENT d
            // where e.DEPT_ID = d.DEPT_ID and d.DEPT_NO = :deptNo;        
            String sql = "Select e from " + Employee.class.getName() + " e "
                    + " where e.department.deptNo=:deptNo ";
 
            // Create query object.
            Query<Employee> query = session.createQuery(sql);

            query.setParameter("deptNo", "D10");

 
            // Execute query.
            List<Employee> employees = query.getResultList();

            for (Employee emp : employees) {
                System.out.println("Emp: " + emp.getEmpNo() + " : "
                        + emp.getEmpName());
            }
 
            // Commit data
            session.getTransaction().commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            // Rollback in case of an error occurred.
            session.getTransaction().rollback();
        }
    }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.query;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class QuerySomeColumnDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

        Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();

        try {
            session.getTransaction().begin();
 
            // Query some columns.
            String sql = "Select e.empId, e.empNo, e.empName from "
                    + Employee.class.getName() + " e ";

            Query<Object[]> query = session.createQuery(sql);
 
            // Execute Query.
            // Get the array of Object
            List<Object[]> datas = query.getResultList();

            for (Object[] emp : datas) {
                System.out.println("Emp Id: " + emp[0]);
                System.out.println(" Emp No: " + emp[1]);
                System.out.println(" Emp Name: " + emp[2]);
            }
 
            // Commit data.
            session.getTransaction().commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            // Rollback in case of an error occurred.
            session.getTransaction().rollback();
        }
 
    }
}
 

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.beans;

public class ShortEmpInfo {

    private Long empId;
    private String empNo;
    private String empName;

    //
    // Constructor have 3 parameters, will be used in the Hibernate Query.
    //
    public ShortEmpInfo(Long empId, String empNo, String empName) {
        this.empId = empId;
        this.empNo = empNo;
        this.empName = empName;
    }

    public Long getEmpId() {
        return empId;
    }

    public void setEmpId(Long empId) {
        this.empId = empId;
    }

    public String getEmpNo() {
        return empNo;
    }

    public void setEmpNo(String empNo) {
        this.empNo = empNo;
    }

    public String getEmpName() {
        return empName;
    }

    public void setEmpName(String empName) {
        this.empName = empName;
    }

}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.query;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.beans.ShortEmpInfo;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class ShortEmpInfoQueryDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

        Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();

        try {
            session.getTransaction().begin();
 
            // Using constructor of ShortEmpInfo
            String sql = "Select new " + ShortEmpInfo.class.getName()
                    + "(e.empId, e.empNo, e.empName)" + " from "
                    + Employee.class.getName() + " e ";

            Query<ShortEmpInfo> query = session.createQuery(sql);
 
            
            // Execute query.
            // Get a List of ShortEmpInfo
            List<ShortEmpInfo> employees = query.getResultList();

            for (ShortEmpInfo emp : employees) {
                System.out.println("Emp: " + emp.getEmpNo() + " : "
                        + emp.getEmpName());
            }
 
            // Commit data.
            session.getTransaction().commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            // Rollback in case of an error occurred.
            session.getTransaction().rollback();
        }
    }
    
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.query;

import java.util.Set;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class UniqueResultDemo {

    public static Department getDepartment(Session session, String deptNo) {
        String sql = "Select d from " + Department.class.getName() + " d "//
                + " where d.deptNo= :deptNo ";
        Query<Department> query = session.createQuery(sql);
        query.setParameter("deptNo", deptNo);
        return (Department) query.getSingleResult();
    }

    public static Employee getEmployee(Session session, Long empId) {
        String sql = "Select e from " + Employee.class.getName() + " e "//
                + " where e.empId= :empId ";
        Query<Employee> query = session.createQuery(sql);
        query.setParameter("empId", empId);
        return (Employee) query.getSingleResult();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

        Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();

        try {
            session.getTransaction().begin();

            Department dept = getDepartment(session, "D10");
            Set<Employee> emps = dept.getEmployees();

            System.out.println("Dept Name: " + dept.getDeptName());
            for (Employee emp : emps) {
                System.out.println(" Emp name: " + emp.getEmpName());
            }

            Employee emp = getEmployee(session, 7839L);
            System.out.println("Emp Name: " + emp.getEmpName());

            session.getTransaction().commit();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            session.getTransaction().rollback();
        }
    }
    
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class DataUtils {

   public static Department findDepartment(Session session, String deptNo) {
       String sql = "Select d from " + Department.class.getName() + " d "//
               + " Where d.deptNo = :deptNo";
       Query<Department> query = session.createQuery(sql);
       query.setParameter("deptNo", deptNo);
       return query.getSingleResult();
   }

   public static Long getMaxEmpId(Session session) {
       String sql = "Select max(e.empId) from " + Employee.class.getName() + " e ";
       Query<Number> query = session.createQuery(sql);
       Number value = query.getSingleResult();
       if (value == null) {
           return 0L;
       }
       return value.longValue();
   }

   public static Employee findEmployee(Session session, String empNo) {
       String sql = "Select e from " + Employee.class.getName() + " e "//
               + " Where e.empNo = :empNo";
       Query<Employee> query = session.createQuery(sql);
       query.setParameter("empNo", empNo);
       return query.getSingleResult();
   }

}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class PersistDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Department department = null;
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           Long maxEmpId = DataUtils.getMaxEmpId(session);
           Long empId = maxEmpId + 1;
           
           // Get Persistent object.
           department = DataUtils.findDepartment(session, "D10");
           
           // Create transient object
           emp = new Employee();
           emp.setEmpId(empId);
           emp.setEmpNo("E" + empId);
           emp.setEmpName("Name " + empId);
           emp.setJob("Coder");
           emp.setSalary(1000f);
           emp.setManager(null);
           emp.setHideDate(new Date());
           emp.setDepartment(department);
           
           // Using persist(..)
           // Now 'emp' is managed by Hibernate.
           // it has Persistent status.
           // No action at this time with DB.
           session.persist(emp);

           
           // At this step the data is pushed to the DB.
           // Execute Insert statement.
           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }

       // After the session is closed (commit, rollback, close)
       // Objects 'emp', 'dept' became the Detached objects.
       // It is no longer in the control of the session.        
       System.out.println("Emp No: " + emp.getEmpNo());
       
   }
   
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department;

public class PersistentDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Department department = null;

       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           System.out.println("- Finding Department deptNo = D10...");
      
           // Persistent object.
           department = DataUtils.findDepartment(session, "D10");

           System.out.println("- First change Location");
     
           
           // Changing something on Persistent object.
           department.setLocation("Chicago " + System.currentTimeMillis());
           
           System.out.println("- Location = " + department.getLocation());

           System.out.println("- Calling flush...");
   
           // Use session.flush () to actively push the changes to the DB.
           // It works for all changed Persistent objects.
           session.flush();

           System.out.println("- Flush OK");

           System.out.println("- Second change Location");
           
           // Change something on Persistent object
           department.setLocation("Chicago " + System.currentTimeMillis());
 
           // Print out location
           System.out.println("- Location = " + department.getLocation());

           System.out.println("- Calling commit...");
 
           // Commit
           session.getTransaction().commit();

           System.out.println("- Commit OK");
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
 
       // Create the session after it had been closed earlier
       // (Cause by commit or update)
       session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           System.out.println("- Finding Department deptNo = D10...");
           
           // Query lại Department D10.
           
           department = DataUtils.findDepartment(session, "D10");
 
           // Print out location
           System.out.println("- D10 Location = " + department.getLocation());

           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
   
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Timekeeper;

public class PersistTransientDemo {

   private static DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss");

   private static Timekeeper persist_Transient(Session session, Employee emp) {
 
       // Note:
       // Configuring of timekeeperId
       // @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
       // @GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid2")            
       Timekeeper tk1 = new Timekeeper();

       tk1.setEmployee(emp);
       tk1.setInOut(Timekeeper.IN);
       tk1.setDateTime(new Date());
  
       // Now, 'tk1' is transient object
       System.out.println("- tk1 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk1));

       System.out.println("====== CALL persist(tk).... ===========");
 
       
       // Hibernate assign value to Id of 'tk1'
       // No action to DB.
       session.persist(tk1);
 
       System.out
               .println("- tk1.getTimekeeperId() = " + tk1.getTimekeeperId());
 
       
       // Now 'tk1' is Persistent object.
       // But no action with DB.
       // ==> true
       System.out.println("- tk1 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk1));

       System.out.println("- Call flush..");
 
       
       // Flush data to DB.
       // Hibernate execute insert statement.
       session.flush();

       String timekeeperId = tk1.getTimekeeperId();
       System.out.println("- timekeeperId = " + timekeeperId);
       System.out.println("- inOut = " + tk1.getInOut());
       System.out.println("- dateTime = " + df.format(tk1.getDateTime()));
       System.out.println();
       return tk1;
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session, "E7499");

           persist_Transient(session, emp);

           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
   
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Timekeeper;

public class SaveTransientDemo {

   private static DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss");

   private static Timekeeper persist_Transient(Session session, Employee emp) {
     
       // See configuration of timekeeperId:
       // @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
       // @GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid2")
       // Create an Object, Transitent state.        
       Timekeeper tk2 = new Timekeeper();

       tk2.setEmployee(emp);
       tk2.setInOut(Timekeeper.IN);
       tk2.setDateTime(new Date());

       // Now 'tk3' are state Transient.        
       System.out.println("- tk2 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk2));

       System.out.println("====== CALL save(tk).... ===========");

       // save() very similar to persist()
       // save() return ID, persist() return void.
       // Hibernate assign ID value to 'tk2', no action with DB
       // And return ID of 'tk2'.        
       Serializable id = session.save(tk2);

       System.out.println("- id = " + id);

       //
       System.out
               .println("- tk2.getTimekeeperId() = " + tk2.getTimekeeperId());

     
       // Now, 'tk2' has Persistent state
       // It has been managed in Session.
       // ==> true
       System.out.println("- tk2 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk2));

       System.out.println("- Call flush..");

       // To push data into the DB, call flush().
       // If not call flush() data will be pushed to the DB when calling commit().
       // Will execute insert statement.
       session.flush();

       String timekeeperId = tk2.getTimekeeperId();
       System.out.println("- timekeeperId = " + timekeeperId);
       System.out.println("- inOut = " + tk2.getInOut());
       System.out.println("- dateTime = " + df.format(tk2.getDateTime()));
       System.out.println();
       return tk2;
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session, "E7499");

           persist_Transient(session, emp);

           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Timekeeper;

public class SaveOrUpdateTransientDemo {

   private static DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss");

   private static Timekeeper saveOrUpdate_Transient(Session session,
           Employee emp) {

       // See configuration of timekeeperId:
       // @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
       // @GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid2")
       // Create an Object, Transitent state.
       Timekeeper tk3 = new Timekeeper();

       tk3.setEmployee(emp);
       tk3.setInOut(Timekeeper.IN);
       tk3.setDateTime(new Date());

       // Now 'tk3' are state Transient.
       System.out.println("- tk3 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk3));

       System.out.println("====== CALL saveOrUpdate(tk).... ===========");

       // Here Hibernate checks, 'tk3' have ID or not (timekeeperId)
       // If no, it will be assigned automatically
       session.saveOrUpdate(tk3);

       System.out
               .println("- tk3.getTimekeeperId() = " + tk3.getTimekeeperId());

       // Now 'tk3' has Persistent state
       // It has been managed in Session.
       // But no action insert, or update to DB.
       // ==> true
       System.out.println("- tk3 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk3));

       System.out.println("- Call flush..");

       // To push data into the DB, call flush().
       // If not call flush() data will be pushed to the DB when calling commit().
       // Now possible to Insert or Update DB. (!!!)
       // Depending on the ID of 'tk3' exists in the DB or not
       session.flush();

       String timekeeperId = tk3.getTimekeeperId();
       System.out.println("- timekeeperId = " + timekeeperId);
       System.out.println("- inOut = " + tk3.getInOut());
       System.out.println("- dateTime = " + df.format(tk3.getDateTime()));
       System.out.println();
       return tk3;
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session, "E7499");

           saveOrUpdate_Transient(session, emp);

           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Timekeeper;

public class MergeTransientDemo {

   private static DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss");

   private static Timekeeper saveOrUpdate_Transient(Session session,
           Employee emp) {
     
       // Note:
       // Configuring of timekeeperId
       // @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuid")
       // @GenericGenerator(name = "uuid", strategy = "uuid2")        
       Timekeeper tk4 = new Timekeeper();

       tk4.setEmployee(emp);
       tk4.setInOut(Timekeeper.IN);
       tk4.setDateTime(new Date());

       // Now 'tk4' Transient status.
       System.out.println("- tk4 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk4));

       System.out.println("====== CALL merge(tk).... ===========");

 
       // Hibernate2 has method saveOrUpdateCopy
       // Hibernate3 change saveOrUpdateCopy to merge
       // So there will be similarities between the two methods merge and copyOrUpdate
       // Here Hibernate check tk4 has ID or not
       // If not, Hibernate assign value to ID of tk4
       // Return copy of tk4.
       Timekeeper tk4Copy = (Timekeeper) session.merge(tk4);

       System.out
               .println("- tk4.getTimekeeperId() = " + tk4.getTimekeeperId());

   
       // Now 'tk4' still Transient state.
       // and 'tk4Copy' has Persistent status
       // No action with DB (insert or update).
       System.out.println("- tk4 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk4));

       // 'tk4Copy' has Persistent status
       // ==> true
       System.out
               .println("- tk4Copy Persistent? " + session.contains(tk4Copy));

       System.out.println("- Call flush..");
       
     
       // This time have Insert or Update to DB. (!!!)
       session.flush();

       // 'tk4' still Transitent, after flush().
       // merge(..) safer than saveOrUpdate().
       System.out.println("- tk4 Persistent? " + session.contains(tk4));

       //
       String timekeeperId = tk4.getTimekeeperId();
       System.out.println("- timekeeperId = " + timekeeperId);
       System.out.println("- inOut = " + tk4.getInOut());
       System.out.println("- dateTime = " + df.format(tk4.getDateTime()));
       System.out.println();
       return tk4;
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session, "E7499");

           saveOrUpdate_Transient(session, emp);

           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class EvictDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           // This is object has Persistent status
           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session, "E7499");

           // ==> true
           System.out.println("- emp Persistent? " + session.contains(emp));

     
           // using evict() to evicts a single object from the session
           session.evict(emp);

           // Now 'emp' has Detached status
           // ==> false
           System.out.println("- emp Persistent? " + session.contains(emp));

       
           // All change on the 'emp' will not update
           // if not reatach 'emp' to session
           emp.setEmpNo("NEW");

           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Department;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class ClearDemo {
   
   
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       Department dept = null;
       try {
           session.getTransaction().begin();

           // It is an object has Persistent status.
           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session, "E7499");
           dept = DataUtils.findDepartment(session, "D10");

       
           // clear() evicts all the objects in the session.
           session.clear();


           // Now 'emp' & 'dept' has Detached status
           // ==> false
           System.out.println("- emp Persistent? " + session.contains(emp));
           System.out.println("- dept Persistent? " + session.contains(dept));

           // All change on the 'emp' will not update
           // if not reatach 'emp' to session
           emp.setEmpNo("NEW");

           dept = DataUtils.findDepartment(session, "D20");
           System.out.println("Dept Name = "+ dept.getDeptName());

           session.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
   }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class UpdateDetachedDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session1 = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session1.getTransaction().begin();

           // This is a Persistent object.
           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session1, "E7499");

           // session1 was closed after a commit is called.
           session1.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session1.getTransaction().rollback();
       }

       // Open other session
       Session session2 = factory.getCurrentSession();

       try {
           session2.getTransaction().begin();

       
           // Check state of 'emp'
           // ==> false
           System.out.println("- emp Persistent? " + session2.contains(emp));

           System.out.println("Emp salary: " + emp.getSalary());

           emp.setSalary(emp.getSalary() + 100);

         
           // update (..) is only used for Detached object.
           // (Not for Transient object).
           // Use the update (emp) to bring back emp Persistent state.            
           session2.update(emp);
         
           // Call flush
           // Update statement will be called.
           session2.flush();

           System.out.println("Emp salary after update: " + emp.getSalary());

           // session2 was closed after a commit is called.
           session2.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session2.getTransaction().rollback();
       }

   }
}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import java.util.Random;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class SaveOrUpdateDetachedDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       // An object Detached state.
       Employee emp = getEmployee_Detached();

       System.out.println(" - GET EMP " + emp.getEmpId());

       // Random delete or not delete Employee
       boolean delete = deleteOrNotDelete(emp.getEmpId());

       System.out.println(" - DELETE? " + delete);

       // Call saveOrUpdate for detached object.
       saveOrUpdate_test(emp);
     
       // After call saveOrUpdate()
       System.out.println(" - EMP ID " + emp.getEmpId());
   }

   
   // Return Employee object has Detached state
   private static Employee getEmployee_Detached() {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session1 = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session1.getTransaction().begin();

           Long maxEmpId = DataUtils.getMaxEmpId(session1);
           System.out.println(" - Max Emp ID " + maxEmpId);

           Employee emp2 = DataUtils.findEmployee(session1, "E7839");

           Long empId = maxEmpId + 1;
           emp = new Employee();
           emp.setEmpId(empId);
           emp.setEmpNo("E" + empId);

           emp.setDepartment(emp2.getDepartment());
           emp.setEmpName(emp2.getEmpName());

           emp.setHideDate(emp2.getHideDate());
           emp.setJob("Test");
           emp.setSalary(1000F);

           // emp has been managed by Hibernate
           session1.persist(emp);

           // session1 was closed after a commit is called.
           // An Employee record are insert into DB.            
           session1.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session1.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
       // Session1 closed 'emp' switch to Detached state.
       return emp;
   }

   // Random: delete or not delete.
   private static boolean deleteOrNotDelete(Long empId) {
       // A random number 0-9
       int random = new Random().nextInt(10);
       if (random < 5) {
           return false;
       }
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session2 = factory.getCurrentSession();
       try {
           session2.getTransaction().begin();
           String sql = "Delete " + Employee.class.getName() + " e "
                   + " where e.empId =:empId ";
           Query query = session2.createQuery(sql);
           query.setParameter("empId", empId);

           query.executeUpdate();

           session2.getTransaction().commit();
           return true;
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session2.getTransaction().rollback();
           return false;
       }
   }

   private static void saveOrUpdate_test(Employee emp) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       // Open other session
       Session session3 = factory.getCurrentSession();

       try {
           session3.getTransaction().begin();

           // Check state of emp
           // ==> false
           System.out.println(" - emp Persistent? " + session3.contains(emp));

           System.out.println(" - Emp salary before update: "
                   + emp.getSalary());
         
           // Set new salary for Detached emp object.
           emp.setSalary(emp.getSalary() + 100);

         
           // Using saveOrUpdate(emp) to switch emp to Persistent state
           // Note: If exists object same ID in session, this method raise Exception
           //
           // Now, no action with DB.            
           session3.saveOrUpdate(emp);
         
           // By pushing data into the DB.
           // It will call a Insert or update statement.
           // If the record is deleted before ==> insert
           // Else ==> update.    
           session3.flush();

           System.out
                   .println(" - Emp salary after update: " + emp.getSalary());

           // session3 was closed after a commit is called.
           session3.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session3.getTransaction().rollback();
       }

   }

}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import java.util.Random;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class MergeDetachedDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       // An object has Detached status
       Employee emp = getEmployee_Detached();

       System.out.println(" - GET EMP " + emp.getEmpId());

       // Random: delete or not delete the Employee by ID.
       boolean delete = deleteOrNotDelete(emp.getEmpId());

       System.out.println(" - DELETE? " + delete);

       // Call saveOrUpdate Detached object
       saveOrUpdate_test(emp);

       // After call saveOrUpdate
       // ...
       System.out.println(" - EMP ID " + emp.getEmpId());
   }

 
   // Method return Employee object
   // and has Detached status.
   private static Employee getEmployee_Detached() {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session1 = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session1.getTransaction().begin();

           Long maxEmpId = DataUtils.getMaxEmpId(session1);
           System.out.println(" - Max Emp ID " + maxEmpId);

           Employee emp2 = DataUtils.findEmployee(session1, "E7839");

           Long empId = maxEmpId + 1;
           emp = new Employee();
           emp.setEmpId(empId);
           emp.setEmpNo("E" + empId);

           emp.setDepartment(emp2.getDepartment());
           emp.setEmpName(emp2.getEmpName());

           emp.setHideDate(emp2.getHideDate());
           emp.setJob("Test");
           emp.setSalary(1000F);

           // 'emp' has Persistant state
           session1.persist(emp);

       
           // session1 was closed after a commit is called.
           // An Employee record are insert into DB.
           session1.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session1.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
       // session1 closed, 'emp' switched Detached state.
       return emp;
   }

 
   // Delete Employee by ID
   // Random: delete or not delete
   private static boolean deleteOrNotDelete(Long empId) {
       // A random number 0-9
       int random = new Random().nextInt(10);
       if (random < 5) {
           return false;
       }
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session2 = factory.getCurrentSession();
       try {
           session2.getTransaction().begin();
           String sql = "Delete " + Employee.class.getName() + " e "
                   + " where e.empId =:empId ";
           Query query = session2.createQuery(sql);
           query.setParameter("empId", empId);

           query.executeUpdate();

           session2.getTransaction().commit();
           return true;
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session2.getTransaction().rollback();
           return false;
       }
   }

   private static void saveOrUpdate_test(Employee emp) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       // Open other session
       Session session3 = factory.getCurrentSession();

       try {
           session3.getTransaction().begin();

       
           // The fact, 'emp' has Detached state
           // It is not managed by Hibernate.
           // Check the status of emp:
           // ==> false
           System.out.println(" - emp Persistent? " + session3.contains(emp));

           System.out.println(" - Emp salary before update: "
                   + emp.getSalary());

           // Set new salary for Detached object 'emp'
           emp.setSalary(emp.getSalary() + 100);

       
           // merge(emp) return empMerge, a copy of 'emp',
           // empMerge managed by Hibernate
           // 'emp' still in Detached state
           //
           // At this time there is no action regarding DB.
           Employee empMerge = (Employee) session3.merge(emp);

           // ==> false
           System.out.println(" - emp Persistent? " + session3.contains(emp));
           // ==> true
           System.out.println(" - empMerge Persistent? "
                   + session3.contains(empMerge));

         
           // Push data into the DB.
           // Here it is possible to create the Insert or Update on DB.
           // If the corresponding record has been deleted by someone, it insert
           // else it update
           session3.flush();

           System.out
                   .println(" - Emp salary after update: " + emp.getSalary());

           // session3 closed after a commit is called.
           session3.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session3.getTransaction().rollback();
       }

   }

}

package org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.demo;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.DataUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.HibernateUtils;
import org.o7planning.tutorial.hibernate.entities.Employee;

public class RefreshDetachedDemo {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       // an Object with Detached status
       Employee emp = getEmployee_Detached();

       System.out.println(" - GET EMP " + emp.getEmpId());

       // Refresh Object  
       refresh_test(emp);
   }

 
   // Return Employee object has Detached state
   private static Employee getEmployee_Detached() {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       Session session1 = factory.getCurrentSession();
       Employee emp = null;
       try {
           session1.getTransaction().begin();

           emp = DataUtils.findEmployee(session1, "E7839");

           // session1 was closed after a commit is called.
           // An Employee record are insert into DB.
           session1.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session1.getTransaction().rollback();
       }
       // Session1 closed 'emp' switch to Detached state.
       return emp;
   }

   private static void refresh_test(Employee emp) {
       SessionFactory factory = HibernateUtils.getSessionFactory();

       // Open other session
       Session session2 = factory.getCurrentSession();

       try {
           session2.getTransaction().begin();

       
           // Check the status of 'emp' (Detached)
           // ==> false
           System.out.println(" - emp Persistent? " + session2.contains(emp));

           System.out.println(" - Emp salary before update: "
                   + emp.getSalary());

            // Set new salary for 'emp'.
           emp.setSalary(emp.getSalary() + 100);

         
           // refresh: make a query statement
           // and switch 'emp' to Persistent state
           // The changes are ignored
           session2.refresh(emp);

           // ==> true
           System.out.println(" - emp Persistent? " + session2.contains(emp));

           System.out.println(" - Emp salary after refresh: "
                   + emp.getSalary());
           
           session2.getTransaction().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
           session2.getTransaction().rollback();
       }

   }

}