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Руководство Java XStream

  1. Что такое XStream?
  2. Библиотека XStream
  3. Быстро создать Project для работы с XStream
  4. Некоторые классы, участвующие в примере.
  5. Изменить объект Java в XML
  6. Использовать Alias (Псевдоним)
    1. Псевдоним class
    2. Псевдоним поля (field)
    3. Набор неявных псевдонимов
    4. Псевдоним атрибута
    5. Псевдоним Package
  7. XStream Annotation
  8. XStream Converter

1- Что такое XStream?

XStream это Java библиотека классов, используется для сериализации Java объектов в XML формат и обратно.

2- Библиотека XStream

Вы можете скачать XStream по ссылке:
Или добавить использование библиотеки XStream для Maven: 
<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.thoughtworks.xstream/xstream -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
    <artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.8</version>
</dependency>

3- Быстро создать Project для работы с XStream

Здесь я быстро создал Maven project.
  • File/New/Other..
Ввод:
  • Group Id: org.o7planning
  • Artifact Id: XStreamTutorial
  • Package: org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial
Добавить библиотеку XStream в Maven.
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

   <groupId>org.o7planning</groupId>
   <artifactId>XStreamTutorial</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>

   <name>XStreamTutorial</name>
   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

   <properties>
       <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
   
       <dependency>
           <groupId>junit</groupId>
           <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
           <version>3.8.1</version>
           <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>

       <!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.thoughtworks.xstream/xstream -->
       <dependency>
           <groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
           <artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
           <version>1.4.8</version>
       </dependency>
       
   </dependencies>
   
</project>

4- Некоторые классы, участвующие в примере.

Address.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans;

public class Address {
   
   private String street;
   private String city;

   public Address() {

   }

   public Address(String street, String city) {
       this.street = street;
       this.city = city;
   }

   public String getStreet() {
       return street;
   }

   public void setStreet(String street) {
       this.street = street;
   }

   public String getCity() {
       return city;
   }

   public void setCity(String city) {
       this.city = city;
   }

   @Override
   public String toString() {
       return street + ", " + city;
   }
   
}
Company.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans;

public class Company {

   private int id;
   private String name;
   private String[] websites;
   private Address address;

   public int getId() {
       return id;
   }

   public void setId(int id) {
       this.id = id;
   }

   public String getName() {
       return name;
   }

   public void setName(String name) {
       this.name = name;
   }

   public String[] getWebsites() {
       return websites;
   }

   public void setWebsites(String[] websites) {
       this.websites = websites;
   }

   public Address getAddress() {
       return address;
   }

   public void setAddress(Address address) {
       this.address = address;
   }

   @Override
   public String toString() {
       StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

       sb.append("\n id:" + this.id);
       sb.append("\n name:" + this.name);
       if (this.websites != null) {
           sb.append("\n website: ");
           for (String website : this.websites) {
               sb.append(website + ", ");
           }
       }
       if (this.address != null) {
           sb.append("\n address:" + this.address.toString());
       }
       return sb.toString();
   }

}
DataDAO.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Address;
import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company;

public class DataDAO {

   
   
   public static Company createCompany() {

       Company company = new Company();
       company.setId(111);
       company.setName("Microsoft");

       String[] websites = { "http://microsoft.com",
               "http://msn.com", "http://hotmail.com" };
       company.setWebsites(websites);

       Address address = new Address();
       address.setCity("Redmond");
       address.setStreet("1 Microsoft Way");

       company.setAddress(address);

       return company;
   }
   
}

5- Изменить объект Java в XML

В отличии от JAXB, XStream может сериализовать Java в XML без маппинга (mapping), используется маппинг по умолчанию. Посмотрим следующий пример:
JavaObject2Xml.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

public class JavaObject2Xml {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       
       Company company = DataDAO.createCompany();
       
       XStream xs = new XStream();
       
       
       // JAVA OBJECT --> XML
       String xml = xs.toXML(company);
       
       System.out.println(xml);
   }
   
   
}
Запуск примера: 
<org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company>
  <id>111</id>
  <name>Microsoft</name>
  <websites>
    <string>http://microsoft.com</string>
    <string>http://msn.com</string>
    <string>http://hotmail.com</string>
  </websites>
  <address>
    <street>1 Microsoft Way</street>
    <city>Redmond</city>
  </address>
</org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company>

6- Использовать Alias (Псевдоним)

При конвертации Java в XML, по умолчанию XStream серилизует класс в формат XML. Алиасинг (Aliasing) техника настройки созданного XML. Существует 5 видов алиаснга:
  1. Класс Алиаснг (class)
  2. Алиасинг поля (field)
  3. Неявные коллекции Алиасинг
  4. Атрибут Алиасинг
  5. Пакет Алиасинг

6.1- Псевдоним class

ClassAliasingExample.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

public class ClassAliasingExample {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       
       Company company = DataDAO.createCompany();
       
       XStream xs = new XStream();
       
       xs.alias("company", Company.class);
       
       // JAVA OBJECT --> XML
       String xml = xs.toXML(company);
       
       System.out.println(xml);
   }
   
}
Запуск примера: 
<company>
 <id>111</id>
 <name>Microsoft</name>
 <websites>
   <string>http://microsoft.com</string>
   <string>http://msn.com</string>
   <string>http://hotmail.com</string>
 </websites>
 <address>
   <street>1 Microsoft Way</street>
   <city>Redmond</city>
 </address>
</company

6.2- Псевдоним поля (field)

FieldAliasingExample.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

public class FieldAliasingExample {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       
       Company company = DataDAO.createCompany();
       
       XStream xstream = new XStream();
       
       // Class aliasing.
       xstream.alias("company", Company.class);
       
       // Field aliasing.
       // aliasField(String alias, Class definedIn, String fieldName).
       xstream.aliasField("companyName", Company.class, "name");
       xstream.aliasField("companyId", Company.class, "id");
       
       // JAVA OBJECT --> XML
       String xml = xstream.toXML(company);
       
       System.out.println(xml);
   }
   
}
Запуск примера: 
<company>
  <companyId>111</companyId>
  <companyName>Microsoft</companyName>
  <websites>
    <string>http://microsoft.com</string>
    <string>http://msn.com</string>
    <string>http://hotmail.com</string>
  </websites>
  <address>
    <street>1 Microsoft Way</street>
    <city>Redmond</city>
  </address>
</company>

6.3- Набор неявных псевдонимов

Обычно подмножество (Подмножество/Коллекция) в Java при переходе в XML заключен в карту. Вы можете использовать Атрибут алиасинг для подмножества чтобы избавиться от карты.
ImplicitCollectionsAliasingExample.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

public class ImplicitCollectionsAliasingExample {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       
       Company company = DataDAO.createCompany();
       
       XStream xstream = new XStream();
       
       // Class aliasing.
       xstream.alias("company", Company.class);
       
       
       // addImplicitArray(Class ownerType, String fieldName).
       xstream.addImplicitArray(Company.class, "websites", "website");
       
       // JAVA OBJECT --> XML
       String xml = xstream.toXML(company);
       
       System.out.println(xml);

   }

}
Запуск примера: 
<company>
  <id>111</id>
  <name>Microsoft</name>
  <website>http://microsoft.com</website>
  <website>http://msn.com</website>
  <website>http://hotmail.com</website>
  <address>
    <street>1 Microsoft Way</street>
    <city>Redmond</city>
  </address>
</company>

6.4- Псевдоним атрибута

AttributeAliasingExample.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

public class AttributeAliasingExample {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
       
       Company company = DataDAO.createCompany();
       
       XStream xstream = new XStream();
       
       // Class aliasing.
       xstream.alias("company", Company.class);
       
       
       // useAttributeFor(Class definedIn, String fieldName).
       xstream.useAttributeFor(Company.class, "id");        
       
       xstream.useAttributeFor(Company.class, "name");
       xstream.aliasAttribute("companyName", "name");
       
       // JAVA OBJECT --> XML
       String xml = xstream.toXML(company);
       
       System.out.println(xml);

   }

}
Запуск примера: 
<company id="111" companyName="Microsoft">
  <websites>
    <string>http://microsoft.com</string>
    <string>http://msn.com</string>
    <string>http://hotmail.com</string>
  </websites>
  <address>
    <street>1 Microsoft Way</street>
    <city>Redmond</city>
  </address>
</company>

6.5- Псевдоним Package

PackageAliasingExample.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Address;
import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Company;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

public class PackageAliasingExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        Company company = DataDAO.createCompany();
        
        XStream xstream = new XStream();  
        
        String packgeName=  Address.class.getPackage().getName();
        
        // aliasPackage(String name, String pkgName).
        xstream.aliasPackage("com.newcompany", packgeName);          
        
        
        
        // JAVA OBJECT --> XML
        String xml = xstream.toXML(company);
        
        System.out.println(xml);

    }

}
Запуск примера: 
<com.newcompany.Company>
  <id>111</id>
  <name>Microsoft</name>
  <websites>
    <string>http://microsoft.com</string>
    <string>http://msn.com</string>
    <string>http://hotmail.com</string>
  </websites>
  <address>
    <street>1 Microsoft Way</street>
    <city>Redmond</city>
  </address>
</com.newcompany.Company>

7- XStream Annotation

С XStream вы можете использовать код для изменения XML созданного из Java, используя Alias указанный выше. Так же можете использовать Annotation чтобы указатьi XStream способ создания XML из Java.

Список Annotation:
  • @XStreamAlias
  • @XStreamAsAttribute
  • @XStreamImplicit
  • @XStreamOmitField
Using Code Using Annotation
xs.alias("dept", Department.class); @XStreamAlias("dept")
public class Department {

}
xs.aliasField("no", Department.class, "deptNo"); @XStreamAlias("no")
private int deptNo;
xs.useAttributeFor(Department.class, "deptNo") @XStreamAsAttribute
private int deptNo;
xs.omitField(Employee.class, "bonus"); @XStreamOmitField
private float bonus;
xs.addImplicitCollection(Department.class, "employees"); @XStreamImplicit
private List<Employee> employees;
Department.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans;

import java.util.List;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAlias;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAsAttribute;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamImplicit;

@XStreamAlias("dept")
public class Department {

  @XStreamAlias("no")
  @XStreamAsAttribute
  private int deptNo;

  @XStreamAlias("name")
  private String deptName;

  @XStreamImplicit
  private List<Employee> employees;

  public int getDeptNo() {
      return deptNo;
  }

  public void setDeptNo(int deptNo) {
      this.deptNo = deptNo;
  }

  public String getDeptName() {
      return deptName;
  }

  public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
      this.deptName = deptName;
  }

  public List<Employee> getEmployees() {
      return employees;
  }

  public void setEmployees(List<Employee> employees) {
      this.employees = employees;
  }

}
Employee.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAlias;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamAsAttribute;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.annotations.XStreamOmitField;

@XStreamAlias("emp")
public class Employee {

    @XStreamAlias("no")
    @XStreamAsAttribute
    private int empNo;
    private String empName;

    private float salary;

    // Ignore this field.
    @XStreamOmitField
    private float bonus;

    public Employee(int empNo, String empName, float salary) {
        this.empNo = empNo;
        this.empName = empName;
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public int getEmpNo() {
        return empNo;
    }

    public void setEmpNo(int empNo) {
        this.empNo = empNo;
    }

    public String getEmpName() {
        return empName;
    }

    public void setEmpName(String empName) {
        this.empName = empName;
    }

    public float getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(float salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public float getBonus() {
        return bonus;
    }

    public void setBonus(float bonus) {
        this.bonus = bonus;
    }

}
XStreamAnnotationExample.java
package org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Department;
import org.o7planning.xstreamtutorial.beans.Employee;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;

public class XStreamAnnotationExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Department dept = createDepartment();

        XStream xstream = new XStream();
        
        // Using annotations in class Department
        xstream.processAnnotations(Department.class);
        
        // Using annotations in class Employee
        xstream.processAnnotations(Employee.class);
        
        String xml = xstream.toXML(dept);
        
        System.out.println(xml);
    }

    public static Department createDepartment() {
        Department dept = new Department();
        dept.setDeptNo(10);
        dept.setDeptName("ACCOUNTING");

        Employee king = new Employee(7839, "KING", 5000f);
        Employee clark = new Employee(7839, "CLARK", 2450f);
        Employee miller = new Employee(7839, "MILLER", 1300f);

        List<Employee> list = new ArrayList<Employee>();
        list.add(king);
        list.add(clark);
        list.add(miller);
        dept.setEmployees(list);
        return dept;
    }
    
}
Запуск примера: 
<dept no="10">
  <name>ACCOUNTING</name>
  <emp no="7839">
    <empName>KING</empName>
    <salary>5000.0</salary>
  </emp>
  <emp no="7839">
    <empName>CLARK</empName>
    <salary>2450.0</salary>
  </emp>
  <emp no="7839">
    <empName>MILLER</empName>
    <salary>1300.0</salary>
  </emp>
</dept>

8- XStream Converter

XStream Converter самый важный компонент библиотеки XStream, это API использованный для конвертации объект Java в XML и обратно. Вы можете сами создать Converter чтобы конвертировать между Java и XML:

  • TODO